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Volume 28, Issue 1

Original Article

The Relationship Between the Opportunistic Diseases and Viral Load and CD4+ T Cell Count in Patients With HIV Infection

Ahmet Cem Yardımcı
Affiliations
  • Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
,
Muzaffer Fincancı
Affiliations
  • İstanbul Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
  • CD4 T cell count
  • HIV
  • immune system
  • opportunistic infections

Abstract

Objective: This study was planned to determine opportunis­tic diseases (ODs)  among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and whether there were any relationship between ODs, CD4+ T cells and the HIV viral load in Turkey.

Methods: In the present study, HIV-infected individuals followed by Istanbul Education and Research Hospital between January 2002 and April 2012 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographics, CD4+ T cell count at the time of OD development, HIV RNA level, and treatment status of the patients were determined.

Results: In 61 (28.8%) of 212 cases included in the study, 89 ODs occurred. Mean (±standard deviation) CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 169.6 (±23.0)/mm3, and logHIV RNA level was 5.1 (±1.4) at the time of OD development. The most commonly encountered ODs were oral candidiasis, tuberculosis and herpes zoster. There was statistically significant relationship between number of ODs and CD4+ T lymphocyte count and HIV RNA levels. Fatal diseases like Toxoplasma encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy and cytomegalovirus infection occurred more frequently when CD4+ T cell count was below 50 cells/mm3 and the viral load was high (>5 log). ODs were more frequently seen in cases with high viral load when the number of CD4+ T cell count was below 200/mm3. If viral load was over 5 log and the number of CD4+ T cells was low, the number of ODs was higher.

Conclusions: Oral candidiasis, tuberculosis, and herpes zoster have been the most commonly encountered ODs in Turkey. ODs occur more frequently in patients with low CD4+ T cell counts and high viral loads. 

  • 28-34
  • 10.5152/kd.2015.06
  • July 23, 2019
  • 2296
  • 782
Download as PDF
  • This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. CC BY-NC
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