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Volume 37, Issue 3

Original Article

Infections Observed in Patients with Intravenous Drug Use

Zafer Adıgüzel
Affiliations
  • Antalya Şehir Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, Antalya, Türkiye
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-4843
,
Derya Seyman
Affiliations
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji, Antalya, Türkiye
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7451-8537
,
Ayşegül Seremet-Keskin
Affiliations
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji, Antalya, Türkiye
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9224-4699
,
Mustafa Deniz
Affiliations
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Van Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, Van, Türkiye
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0401-1148
,
Yusuf Özkaraman
Affiliations
  • Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Van Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Kliniği, Van, Türkiye
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-017X
  • Infective endocarditis
  • intravenous drug use
  • skin and soft tissue infection

Abstract

Objective: In the last decade, intravenous drug use (IVDU)-associated infections have increased significantly in parallel with the increase in intravenous drug addiction. Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and infective endocarditis (IE) are the most common infections and are important causes of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to share our experience regarding the epidemiology, microbiology, diagnosis, and management of IVDU-associated infections.

Methots: Patients hospitalized with IVDU-associated bacterial infections between January 2014 and December 2023 were included in this descriptive and retrospective study.

Results: Seventy-three IVDU-associated infections were identified in 66 patients. The median age was 30.5±7.23 years, and 90.9% were male; 35 (47.9%) were SSTI, 29 (39.7%) IE, 3 (4.1%) pneumonia, and one patient each (1.3%) had acute hepatitis B and brain abscess. Four (5.4%) had both SSTI and IE. Chronic hepatitis C (83.3%) was the most common viral infection. 24.2% of them had deep vein thrombosis. The leg (33.3%) and forearm (20.5%) were the most frequently affected areas in SSTI, and 19 (48.7%) were abscesses, 14 (35.9%) cellulitis, 5 (12.8%) necrotizing SSTIs and one septic arthritis. Osteomyelitis was observed in 8 (20.5%) of the SSTIs. Half (51.2%) of the SSTI patients underwent surgical intervention. Blood cultures were taken from 82% (n=32) of 39 SSTIs, and bacteremia was detected in 37.5% (n=12). Microorganisms were identified in 84% (n=21) of 25 abscesses; four were polymicrobial. Of 33 IE patients, 84.8% had right-sided IE. The tricuspid valve (96.4%) was most commonly involved; septic pulmonary embolism was documented in 20 (71.4%) of the patients. Valve surgery was performed in nine of the patients (27.2%). Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (35.7%), followed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (22.8%). The mortality rate was 9%.

Conclusion: Increase in IVDU is an urgent public problem for our country. Multidisciplinary approach and antimicrobial treatment are essential in the treatment of IVDU associated-SSTI and IE.

  • 201-7
  • Derya Sayman
  • [email protected]
  • 10.36519/kd.2024.4973
  • March 18, 2024
  • June 19, 2024
  • September 27, 2024

  • Adıgüzel Z, Seyman D, Seremet-Keskin A, Deniz M, Özkaraman Y . [Infections observed in patients with intravenous drug use]. Klimik Derg. 2024;37(3):201-7. Turkish.
  • 194
  • 78
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  • This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. CC BY-NC
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